{"id":2941,"date":"2025-10-04T13:54:31","date_gmt":"2025-10-04T13:54:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/"},"modified":"2025-10-04T14:22:23","modified_gmt":"2025-10-04T14:22:23","slug":"ultimate-guide-to-high-strength-bolts-fastening-beyond-torque-numbers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/ultimate-guide-to-high-strength-bolts-fastening-beyond-torque-numbers\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 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\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0639.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 K<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642) \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629: T = K \u00d7 D \u00d7 P.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T<\/strong> = \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/li>\n<li><strong>K<\/strong> = \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643)<\/li>\n<li><strong>D<\/strong> = \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a<\/li>\n<li><strong>P<\/strong> = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 (\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642. \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u2018K\u2019\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f. \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 85-90% \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 10-15% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0634\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 K \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637. \u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 K\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d 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\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a. \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM F3125\u060c \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 K \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 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width=\"288\">\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 (120\u00b0)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"288\">4D &lt; L \u2264 8D<\/td>\n<td width=\"288\">\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 (180\u00b0)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"288\">L &gt; 8D<\/td>\n<td width=\"288\">\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \/ 3 (240\u00b0)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 2: \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 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(TC)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0642\u0635 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0637. \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 4: \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 (DTIs)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 F436). \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 DTIs \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 (TC)<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 (DTI)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0637<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643)<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 (\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 K)<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639)<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>\u0641\u062d\u0635<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a (\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a)<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0629)<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a\/\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0632\u0639\u062c<\/td>\n<td width=\"115\">\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0640 DTI<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0631: \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 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\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/h2>\n<p>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (RC). \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 RCSC \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a (\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u062f. \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0646: \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 10% \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0631. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 RC \u062d\u062c\u0632 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0634 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0634\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 2: \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\"><strong>\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\"><strong>\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\"><strong>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 (TC)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0637\u0648\u0628.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\"><strong>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 (DTI)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u064a\u064f\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0633 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-3285359.jpg\" height=\"853\" width=\"1280\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2943\" alt=\"\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-3285359.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-3285359-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-3285359-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-3285359-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/> <\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 3: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\">\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\"><strong>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">1. \u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. &lt;br&gt; 2. \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u062e\u0629. &lt;br&gt; 3. \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631.<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">1. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u061b \u0627\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629. &lt;br&gt; 2. \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629. &lt;br&gt; 3. \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f. &lt;br&gt; 2. \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645. &lt;br&gt; 3. \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629). &lt;br&gt; 4. \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631).<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646). &lt;br&gt; 2. \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637. &lt;br&gt; 3. \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 RC. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a TC \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">1. \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u064b\u0627. &lt;br&gt; 2. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 TC \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647.<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631\u061b \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637. &lt;br&gt; 2. \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 TC\u061b \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\"><strong>\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a DTI \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">1. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0631. &lt;br&gt; 2. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 DTI \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628. &lt;br&gt; 3. \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062a DTI \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629).<\/td>\n<td width=\"192\">1. Ensure a hardened F436 washer is placed against the nut\/bolt head being turned. &lt;br&gt; 2. Verify DTI bumps are against the rigid steel surface or hardened washer. &lt;br&gt; 3. Clean and remove burrs from surfaces before assembly.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aisc.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.aisc.org\/<\/a><\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 (AISC)<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boltcouncil.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.boltcouncil.org\/<\/a><\/strong> \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 (RCSC)<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.astm.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.astm.org\/<\/a><\/strong> \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.iso.org\/<\/a><\/strong> ISO - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.portlandbolt.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.portlandbolt.com\/<\/a><\/strong> \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a \u2013 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 ASTM F3125<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/galvanizeit.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/galvanizeit.org\/<\/a><\/strong> \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a RCSC<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.structuremag.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.structuremag.org\/<\/a><\/strong> \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 STRUCTURE \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisc-icca.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.cisc-icca.ca\/<\/a><\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Structural_engineering\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Structural_engineering<\/a><\/strong> \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/<\/a><\/strong> ScienceDirect \u2013 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Complete Guide to High-Strength Bolt Fastening: Understanding the Basics High-strength bolt fastening is an essential process in modern steel construction, but many people don&#8217;t fully understand it. The main goal of tightening a structural bolt isn&#8217;t to reach a specific torque number, but to create the right amount of clamping force, called preload. Torque [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2675,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2941","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-high-speed-rail-track-fasteners"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2941","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2941"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2941\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2946,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2941\/revisions\/2946"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2675"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2941"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2941"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2941"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}