{"id":2989,"date":"2025-10-04T14:14:22","date_gmt":"2025-10-04T14:14:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/"},"modified":"2025-10-30T13:00:20","modified_gmt":"2025-10-30T13:00:20","slug":"beyond-r-value-the-hidden-truth-about-insulation-performance-in-buildings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/beyond-r-value-the-hidden-truth-about-insulation-performance-in-buildings\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R-Value: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644: \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R<\/h2>\n<h2>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a 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src=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/unsplash-I0PtR0-JMLY.jpg\" alt=\"\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\" width=\"900\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/unsplash-I0PtR0-JMLY.jpg 900w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/unsplash-I0PtR0-JMLY-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/unsplash-I0PtR0-JMLY-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/unsplash-I0PtR0-JMLY-9x12.jpg 9w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0631 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\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R (\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u2013 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 U (\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 U \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R (U = 1\/R). \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 U \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623. \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 U \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 K (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 K \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u0634 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629). \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 K \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 K \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 2700\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 K \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 0.20. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 (\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629)<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0642\u062f\u0645\u00b2\u00b7\u00b0F\u00b7\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629\/ \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 U<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\/\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629\u00b7\u0642\u062f\u0645\u00b2\u00b7\u00b0F<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 K<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0628\u064a \u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f 75 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a. \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631. \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0647\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/the-science-behind-elastic-material-from-bridges-to-medical-breakthroughs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"715\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/special-fasteners-processing-from-raw-metal-to-mission-critical-hardware\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"710\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645 R \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0640 \"\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\" \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20% \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644. \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u062e \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0633\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u2013 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u064a\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/engineering-bolts-laying-a-technical-guide-to-perfect-joint-installation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"716\">\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-485112.jpg\" height=\"853\" width=\"1280\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2991\" alt=\"\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-485112.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-485112-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-485112-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-485112-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/> <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R-21 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 R-18 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \/ \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 (\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">R-20<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">R-20<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>+ \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a (2\u00d76 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 16 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">R-20<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">R-15.8 (\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627)<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">~21%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>+ \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">R-20<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">R-12 \u0625\u0644\u0649 R-14 (\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627)<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">30-40%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"144\"><strong>+ \u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">R-20<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 R-10 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td width=\"144\">&gt;50%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642. \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 A \u0643\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0628\u0633 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a:<\/strong> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645 R \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b (R-4.0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 R-4.3 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629). \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 (\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621). \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0632:<\/strong> \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u062e\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639 (EPS)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062b\u0648\u0642 (XPS)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (Polyiso).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>XPS \u0648 Polyiso:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0631\u063a\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 Polyiso \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (R-6.0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 R-6.5)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 XPS (R-5.0 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629) \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646. \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>EPS:<\/strong> \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 XPS \u0623\u0648 Polyiso\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 (SPF) \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062e\u062a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 SPF \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 (R-6.0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 R-7.0 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629) \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 SPF \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 (R-3.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 R-4.0 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629). \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u061f<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u061f<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">R-3.1 \u2013 R-4.3<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0644\u0627 (\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 (\u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">R-4.0 \u2013 R-4.3<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0644\u0627 (\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u062c\u064a\u062f (\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 SPF \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">R-6.0 \u2013 R-7.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 SPF \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">R-3.5 \u2013 R-4.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 (\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 XPS<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">R-5.0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0646\u0639\u0645 (\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0632\u0648<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">R-6.0 \u2013 R-6.5<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0646\u0639\u0645 (\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0646\u0639\u0645 (\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 (\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 U \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u201c\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u201d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649. \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0630\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062b\u0644 WUFI\u00ae\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-869217.jpg\" height=\"853\" width=\"1280\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2990\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0634\u0629.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-869217.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-869217-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-869217-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-869217-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/> <\/p>\n<h3>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/ultimate-guide-clamping-force-test-methods-for-engineering-success\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"709\">\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/a> \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 ASTM \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>ASTM C518:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 k \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ASTM E283:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a ASTM E2178 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639. \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u2013 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 (\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R)\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 (\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621)\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 (\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 <a href=\"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/ultimate-guide-alloy-steel-screws-material-selection-and-best-practices-2024\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"713\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/a> \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.energystar.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.energystar.gov\/<\/a><\/strong> \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u2013 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/energysaver\/insulation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/energysaver\/insulation<\/a><\/strong> \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.astm.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.astm.org\/<\/a><\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R-value_(insulation)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R-value_(insulation)<\/a><\/strong> \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644)<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ashrae.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ashrae.org\/<\/a><\/strong> ASHRAE \u2013 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/codes.iccsafe.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/codes.iccsafe.org\/<\/a><\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (IECC)<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.homedepot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.homedepot.com\/<\/a><\/strong> \u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062a \u2013 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 R \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/<\/a><\/strong> ScienceDirect \u2013 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/insulation.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/insulation.org\/<\/a><\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 (NIA)<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong><a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/<\/a><\/strong> ResearchGate \u2013 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644: \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f: \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 R \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647. [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2991,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2989","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-high-speed-rail-track-fasteners"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2989","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2989"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2989\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3061,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2989\/revisions\/3061"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2989"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2989"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/productionscrews.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2989"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}